WEBVTT - https://subtitletools.com 00:00:16.312 --> 00:00:21.621 Since the middle of the nineteenth century, Jyväskylä has been a well-known place to study. 00:00:21.821 --> 00:00:24.859 The first Finnish-language institutions 00:00:24.957 --> 00:00:27.260 – the secondary school, the teacher seminary and the girls’ school 00:00:27.384 --> 00:00:30.017 attracted young people, mostly from the surrounding region. 00:00:30.592 --> 00:00:34.993 In addition, students came from Ostrobothnia, Tavastia and Savonia. 00:00:35.747 --> 00:00:41.588 The Jyväskylä Teacher Seminary took in 60–80 new students every year. 00:00:42.331 --> 00:00:47.454 At the beginning, the female students of the Seminary were usually from the gentry 00:00:47.593 --> 00:00:49.656 and the male students came from a peasant background. 00:00:49.856 --> 00:00:52.850 This distinction started to disappear in the twentieth century. 00:00:53.472 --> 00:00:59.087 The admission examinations of the Seminary measured the applicants’ general aptitude for studies, 00:00:59.187 --> 00:01:02.609 not particularly the broadness of knowledge in different subjects. 00:01:03.822 --> 00:01:08.840 In addition to actual students, the Seminary also took in secondary school graduates 00:01:08.940 --> 00:01:13.698 who could complete the teacher’s qualification in a shorter time. 00:01:14.869 --> 00:01:19.536 Teaching was one of the first fields to train women to a profession. 00:01:20.656 --> 00:01:24.601 As a result, women were able to achieve a status and income based on a profession. 00:01:25.293 --> 00:01:29.565 For many women, the Seminary was a stepping stone to further studies. 00:01:30.265 --> 00:01:34.806 For example, Emma Irene Aström, who had graduated from Jyväskylä, 00:01:34.906 --> 00:01:42.594 applied in the mid-1870s for to study at the University of Helsinki regardless of her gender. 00:01:43.247 --> 00:01:48.570 Ultimately, she became the first woman in Finland to complete a programme of master’s studies. 00:01:50.133 --> 00:01:55.935 Along with the development of the education system, the seminary became the Jyväskylä College of Education. 00:01:56.575 --> 00:02:00.042 The College started to train secondary school graduates as primary school teachers. 00:02:00.242 --> 00:02:04.635 The College of Education became popular and had many applicants. 00:02:04.935 --> 00:02:08.439 At first, the school admitted an equal number of men and women. 00:02:08.441 --> 00:02:13.092 Because there were more female applicants, it was more difficult for women to get a study place. 00:02:13.292 --> 00:02:20.471 It was said that for admittance to the College of Education women needed excellent grades from secondary school while men needed only satisfactory grades. 00:02:20.802 --> 00:02:24.946 This may have been true, at least in the exceptional conditions after the war. 00:02:36.850 --> 00:02:45.725 As of 1944, it was possible to graduate as a bachelor of education from the Jyväskylä College of Education. 00:02:45.925 --> 00:02:49.330 The scope of the degree was similar to the current master’s degree. 00:02:50.168 --> 00:02:54.172 Most of the first graduation theses were from the field of psychology, 00:02:54.372 --> 00:02:58.266 the major subject of study for two out of three bachelors. 00:03:14.719 --> 00:03:20.398 The Faculty of Philosophy was established in 1958. 00:03:20.598 --> 00:03:28.249 Because there was a need to educate teachers for secondary schools, the most popular disciplines were at first in the field of humanities. 00:03:29.350 --> 00:03:40.025 In 1960s, the number of subjects started to increase, and sport sciences, natural sciences, social sciences and economics were introduced. 00:03:49.613 --> 00:03:55.084 The College of Education gradually became a multidisciplinary research university. 00:03:56.949 --> 00:04:05.049 Today, the University of Jyväskylä is one of the most popular universities in Finland and receives students from all over Finland. 00:04:05.620 --> 00:04:10.787 The University has more than 50 lines of study and more than 100 subjects. 00:04:11.087 --> 00:04:20.251 The University has more than 15,000 students, including around 1,200 foreign students from 90 countries. 00:04:26.332 --> 00:04:35.184 Like its predecessors, the University of Jyväskylä is known for its contribution to pedagogical renewal and the development of an equal education system. 00:04:36.261 --> 00:04:41.548 Many teachers of the University have made ground-breaking work by creating educational materials. 00:04:41.748 --> 00:04:45.272 For example, they have written many of the first Finnish-language textbooks in their fields. 00:04:46.424 --> 00:04:52.208 Jyväskylä has always been eager to use new technologies developed for teaching. 00:04:52.700 --> 00:05:00.611 Already during the Teacher Seminary, the school aimed to get the latest teaching equipment that had become popular in other countries. 00:05:01.399 --> 00:05:05.099 Harmoniums and pianos were purchased for teaching music, 00:05:06.867 --> 00:05:10.501 scientific observation appliances for natural sciences 00:05:12.995 --> 00:05:17.147 and various drawing models for arts classes. 00:05:24.273 --> 00:05:32.979 The library of the seminary grew rapidly and the extensive classroom poster collection was used diversely in different subjects. 00:05:37.411 --> 00:05:46.021 Nowadays, university teaching emphasises self-guided learning,interactivity and progressive inquiry. 00:05:47.051 --> 00:05:52.173 New technology has enhanced the possibilities to manage and process information 00:05:52.373 --> 00:05:56.337 and this in turn has transformed the methods of teaching and learning.